While it's not illegal to perform chiropractic treatment on infants, it is divisive within the medical community.

BABY CHIROPRACTIC CARE EXPLAINED:

WHAT IS IT?

* A form of alternative medicine that focuses on treating all of the musculoskeletal system but mainly the spine.

* Treatment includes spinal manipulation, also called an adjustment or realignment, during which a chiropractor uses their hands to apply controlled force to a joint of the spine.

* Another method uses a small handheld spring-loaded instrument, called an activator, to deliver a controlled impulse to the spine.

* It has been touted as a treatment for colic, digestive issues, ear infections and sleeping troubles in infants and children, but it is divisive in the medical community.

WHO DOES IT?

* It is not illegal to perform chiropractic treatment on infants.

* The Chiropractic Board of Australia has rules for members working with children, outlined in its code of conduct, including "placing the interests and wellbeing of the child or young person first".

* It also has the power to limit chiropractor's registration if they fail to meet standards.

* In 2016, the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency placed conditions on Melbourne chiropractor Dr Ian Rossborough after he was filmed cracking the back of a four-day-old baby.

* The same year, the Chiropractors' Association of Australia began investigating complaints against several chiropractors who visited hospitals to treat newborn babies.

* On Wednesday, footage emerged of another Melbourne chiropractor Dr Andrew Arnold performing treatments on a two-week-old in August 2018. He has been referred to both the board and regulator.

IS IT SAFE?

* The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, the Royal Australian College of Physicians and the Australian Medical Association have cautioned against it.

* A widely cited 2012 analysis by the Cochrane Library said trials into manipulative therapies for infantile colic were too small and of "insufficient quality" to draw confident conclusions. While a majority of the trials found crying was reduced after treatment, there was no evidence of it improving colic.

* A review published in the Pediatrics journal in 2007 found serious adverse events relating to spinal manipulations in children, including a brain haemorrhage and paraplegia.

* "There is no credible evidence that the manipulation of an infant's spine can cure things like infant colic or sleep issues," Victorian Health Minister Jenny Mikakos said on Wednesday.